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Chloride ions are one of the major inorganic anions in water and wastewater. Although high concentrations of chloride in water are not known to be toxic to humans, its regulation is mainly due to adverse effects on taste. It is essential to monitor chloride concentrations in boiler systems to prevent metal parts from being damaged. In high levels, chloride can corrode stainless steel. The level of chloride concentrations in boiler and cooling towers varies from small quantities to very high levels. Furthermore high levels of chloride can be toxic to plant life. Chloride is a common non-toxic material present in small amounts in drinking water and produces a detectable salty taste at the aesthetic objective level of 250 mg/L (limit referred to the EPA Maximum Contaminant Level [MCL]). Measured levels are normally under 20 mg/L (ppm).
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